The purpose of Bitcoin is essentially to serve as a completely decentralised, non-inflatable, non-hackable unit of exchange for the internet. In the original Bitcoin white paper created by Satoshi Nakamoto,
Bitcoin is described as being a “peer-to-peer electronic cash system.”
Bitcoin was the original cryptocurrency and was created in 2009, three years before Ripple. There are many differences between Bitcoin and Ripple. For starters, Bitcoin is much more expensive than Ripple. The price of one Bitcoin is currently $10,483 AUD (19/04/2018). The price of one XRP token is currently $0.9428. So, there is an enormous difference between the two cryptocurrencies in term of price.
Another key difference between Ripple and Bitcoin is supply. Bitcoin is much more scarce than Ripple is and has a much smaller supply. The total supply of Bitcoin is only 21 million.
The total supply of Ripple, on the other hand, is 100 billion. So, there are roughly 4,700 times as many Ripple coins in the world as there are Bitcoins. This is a substantial difference.
Also, one more crucial difference between Ripple and Bitcoin is that unlike Bitcoin, a large percentage of the Ripple coins are controlled by a centralized source: Ripple Labs. When Ripple Labs created the cryptocurrency, they kept an enormous amount of XRP tokens for themselves. In fact, Ripple Labs’ Ripple holdings are estimated to be at around 60 billion of the 100 billion total supply.
So, Ripple is much more centrally controlled than Bitcoin and most of the other cryptocurrencies in existence.
Ripple is also much more heavily used for cross-border payments and for banking than Bitcoin is. This is because the transaction fees are incredibly low for Ripple and so are the processing times. Ripple was essentially created to fulfil the role of being a medium for facilitating cross-border payments rapidly and cheaply. So, it is not surprising that over 100 mainstream financial institutions have partnered with Ripple.